Gulf Marshes and Prairies

The Gulf Marshes, covering approximately 500,000 acres, are on a narrow strip of lowlands adjacent to the coast and the barrier islands (e.g., Padre Island), which extend from Mexico to Louisiana. The Gulf Prairies, about 9 million acres, include the nearly flat plain extending 30 to 80 miles inland from the Gulf Marshes. The Gulf Marshes are a low, wet, marshy coastal area, commonly covered with saline water, and range from sea level to a few feet in elevation. The Gulf Prairies are nearly level and virtually undissected plains having slow surface drainage and elevations from sea level to 250 feet. Soils of the Gulf Marshes are dark, poorly drained sandy loams and clays, and light neutral sands, typically showing little textural change with depth. The loamy and clayey soils are commonly saline and sodic. Prairie soils are dark, neutral to slightly acid clay loams and clays in the northeastern parts. Further south in the subhumid Coastal Bend, the soils are less acidic. A narrow band of light acid sands and darker loamy to clayey soils stretches along the coast. Inland from the dark clayey soils is a narrow belt of lighter acid fine sandy loam soils with gray to brown, and red mottled subsoils. Soils of the river bottomlands and broad deltaic plains are reddish brown to dark gray, slightly acid to calcareous, loamy to clayey alluvial.


Scientific Name Common Name Duration Habit Sun Water
Abronia fragrans Fragrant verbena, Sand verbena, Snowball, Snowball sand verbena, Sweet sand-verbena Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Acacia farnesiana Huisache, Sweet acacia, Mealy wattle Perennial Tree Sun Dry
Acer barbatum Southern sugar maple, Florida maple, Caddo maple, Rock maple Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Acer negundo Ash-leaf maple, Ash-leaved maple, Box elder, Boxelder, Fresno de guajuco Perennial Tree Sun Moist
Acer rubrum var. drummondii Drummond's maple, Drummond red maple, Swamp maple Perennial Tree Part-shade Wet, Moist
Achillea millefolium Common yarrow, Yarrow, Milfoil, Western yarrow Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Adiantum capillus-veneris Southern maidenhair fern, Common maidenhair fern, Maidenhair fern, Venus hair fern Perennial Fern Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Aesculus pavia var. flavescens Texas yellow buckeye, Yellow woolly buckeye, Pale buckeye, Plateau yellow buckeye Perennial Shrub, Tree Part-shade Moist
Aesculus pavia var. pavia Scarlet buckeye, Red buckeye, Southern buckeye, Firecracker plant Perennial Shrub, Tree Part-shade Moist, Dry
Allium canadense var. canadense Canada onion, Meadow garlic, Wild onion Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Allium canadense var. mobilense Meadow garlic, Wild onion Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Allium coryi Yellow-flowered onion, Yellowflower onion Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Allium drummondii Drummond's onion, Wild Garlic, Drummond wild onion Perennial Herb Sun Dry
Alophia drummondii Propeller flower, Purple pleat-leaf, Pinewoods lily, Prairie iris, Pleatleaf iris Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Aloysia gratissima Whitebrush, Bee-brush, White-brush, Common bee-brush, Beebrush, Privet lippia Perennial Shrub Sun, Part-shade Moist
Amblyolepis setigera Huisache daisy, Butterfly daisy, Honey daisy Annual Herb Part-shade Dry
Amorpha fruticosa Indigo bush, False indigo bush, False indigo, Desert false indigo Perennial Shrub Sun, Part-shade Moist
Ampelopsis arborea Peppervine Perennial Vine Sun, Part-shade Moist
Ampelopsis cordata Heartleaf peppervine, Heart-leaf ampelopsis Perennial Vine Part-shade Dry
Amsonia illustris Ozark bluestar, Showy blue-star, Missouri blue star, Swamp bluestar Perennial Herb Part-shade Moist
Amyris texana Chapotillo, Texas torchwood Perennial Shrub Part-shade Dry
Andropogon gerardii Big bluestem, Turkeyfoot Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun, Part-shade Moist
Andropogon glomeratus Bushy bluestem, Brushy bluestem Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Wet, Moist
Andropogon ternarius Splitbeard bluestem Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun, Part-shade Dry
Andropogon virginicus Broomsedge bluestem, Broom-sedge Perennial Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Moist
Aphanostephus skirrhobasis Lazy daisy, Arkansas lazy daisy, Arkansas dozedaisy Annual Herb Sun Dry
Argemone mexicana Mexican pricklypoppy, Mexican prickly poppy, Yellow pricklypoppy Annual Herb Sun Dry
Aristolochia serpentaria Virginia snakeroot, Virginia dutchmanspipe Perennial Herb Shade Dry
Aristolochia tomentosa Woolly dutchman's pipe, Common dutchmanspipe Perennial Vine Part-shade Moist
Asimina parviflora Smallflower pawpaw, Small-flower pawpaw, Dwarf pawpaw Perennial Shrub Part-shade
Asimina triloba Pawpaw, Common paw paw, Indian banana Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist
Asplenium platyneuron Ebony spleenwort Perennial Fern Shade, Part-shade Moist
Athyrium filix-femina ssp. asplenioides Southern lady fern Perennial Fern Part-shade Wet, Moist
Avicennia germinans Black mangrove Perennial Shrub Sun Moist
Baccharis halimifolia Groundseltree, Sea-myrtle, Consumptionweed, Eastern baccharis, Groundsel, Groundsel bush, Salt marsh-elder, Salt bush, Florida groundsel bush Perennial Shrub Part-shade Wet
Baccharis neglecta False Willow, Jara dulce, Poverty Weed, Roosevelt Weed Perennial Shrub Part-shade Dry
Batis maritima Seaside saltwort, Turtleweed Perennial Shrub Sun Moist
Berlandiera pumila Soft greeneyes Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Borrichia frutescens Bushy seaside tansy, Bushy seaside-tansy, Ox-eye daisy, Sea daisy, Sea ox-eye Perennial Shrub Sun Moist
Bothriochloa barbinodis Cane bluestem Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Dry
Bothriochloa saccharoides Silver bluestem, Longspike silver bluestem Perennial Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Dry
Bouteloua curtipendula Sideoats grama Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Bouteloua dactyloides Buffalograss, Buffalo grass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Dry
Bouteloua hirsuta Hairy grama Perennial Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Dry
Bouteloua rigidiseta Texas grama Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Dry
Callirhoe involucrata Winecup, Purple poppy mallow Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Callisia micrantha Cherisse, Littleflower roseling Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Calylophus berlandieri ssp. pinifolius Berlandier's sundrops, Square-bud primrose, Sundrops, Square-bud day-primrose Perennial Shrub Part-shade Dry
Calylophus hartwegii Hartweg's sundrops, Western Primrose Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Campsis radicans Trumpet creeper, Trumpet vine, Common trumpet creeper, Cow vine Perennial Vine Sun Moist, Dry
Carya illinoinensis Pecan Perennial Tree Sun Moist
Carya ovata Shagbark hickory Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Carya texana Black hickory Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Castanea pumila Chinkapin, Allegheny chinquapin, Allegheny-chinkapin, Chinquapin Perennial Shrub Part-shade Dry
Castela erecta ssp. texana Allthorn goatbush, Amargoso, Goat-bush, Texan goatbush Perennial Shrub Part-shade Dry
Castilleja indivisa Entireleaf indian paintbrush, Texas paintbrush, Indian paintbrush, Scarlet paintbrush, Entire-leaf indian-paintbrush Annual Herb Sun Dry
Ceanothus americanus New Jersey tea, Redroot Perennial Shrub Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Celtis ehrenbergiana Desert hackberry, Spiny hackberry, Granjeno, Shiny hackberry, Huasteco Perennial Shrub Sun, Part-shade Dry
Celtis laevigata Sugar hackberry, Hackberry, Sugarberry, Texas sugarberry, Palo blanco Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Centaurea americana American star-thistle, Basket-Flower, Star thistle, Shaving brush, American basket-flower Annual Herb Part-shade Dry
Cephalanthus occidentalis Common buttonbush, Buttonbush, Button willow Perennial Shrub Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Cercis canadensis var. canadensis Eastern redbud Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Chamaecrista fasciculata Partridge pea, Sleepingplant, Sensitive plant Annual Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Chasmanthium latifolium Inland sea oats, Indian wood oats, Wild oats, River oats, Flathead oats, Upland Oats, Upland Sea Oats Perennial Grass/Grass-like Shade, Part-shade Moist
Chloris virgata Feather fingergrass, Showy chloris Annual Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Dry
Chromolaena odorata Jack in the bush, Fragrant boneset, Fragrant mistflower, Crucita, Blue mistflower Perennial Shrub Part-shade Dry
Cirsium texanum Texas thistle Biennial Herb Sun Dry
Cladium mariscus ssp. jamaicense Jamaica swamp sawgrass, Jamaican Saw-grass, Saw-grass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Clematis crispa Swamp leatherflower, Curly clematis, Blue jasmine, Curlflower Perennial Vine Sun, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Clematis pitcheri Purple clematis, Purple leatherflower, Leatherflower, Bluebill Perennial Vine Sun, Part-shade Moist
Cocculus carolinus Carolina snailseed, Carolina coralbead, Carolina moonseed, Red berried moonseed, Carolina red berried moonseed Perennial Vine Part-shade Moist
Cooperia drummondii Evening rain lily, Evening star rain lily Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Cooperia pedunculata Hill Country rain lily, Prairie lily, Rain lily Perennial Herb Sun Moist
Coreopsis tinctoria Plains coreopsis, Golden tickseed, Goldenwave, Calliopsis Annual Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist
Cornus drummondii Roughleaf dogwood, Drummond's dogwood, Rough-leaf dogwood Perennial Tree Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Crataegus viridis Green hawthorn, Southern thorn Perennial Tree Part-shade Wet
Crinum americanum Crinum lily, Seven sisters, Swamp lily, Southern swamp lily, String lily Perennial Shrub Part-shade Wet
Cyrilla racemiflora Swamp titi, Titi, Leatherwood, Swamp cyrilla, Palo colorado Perennial Tree Part-shade Wet
Datura wrightii Sacred thorn-apple, Jimsonweed, Thorn apple, Datura, Angel Trumpet, Sacred datura Annual Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Delphinium carolinianum ssp. vimineum Carolina larkspur, Prairie larkspur Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Desmanthus illinoensis Illinois bundleflower, Bundleflower, Prairie bundle flower, Prickleweed, Illinois Desmanthus, Prairie mimosa Perennial Shrub Sun Moist
Digitaria californica Arizona cottontop, California cottontop, California crab grass, Cottontop Perennial Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Dry
Diospyros virginiana Common persimmon, Eastern persimmon Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Dracopis amplexicaulis Clasping coneflower, Clasping-leaf coneflower Annual Herb Part-shade Moist
Echeandia chandleri Chandler's craglily, Lila de los llanos Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Echinacea pallida Pale purple coneflower, Pale coneflower Perennial Herb Sun Moist, Dry
Echinacea purpurea Eastern purple coneflower, Purple coneflower Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Elionurus tripsacoides Pan American balsamscale Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Dry
Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye, Canadian wildrye, Prairie wildrye, Nodding wildrye Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun, Part-shade Moist
Eragrostis spectabilis Purple lovegrass, Purple love grass, Purple plains lovegrass, Tumblegrass, Petticoat climber Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Moist
Eriochloa sericea Texas cupgrass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Dry
Eriogonum annuum Annual buckwheat, Wild Buckwheat Annual Herb Sun Dry
Eriogonum multiflorum Wild buckwheat, Heartsepal buckwheat, Heart-sepal wild buckwheat Annual Herb Part-shade Dry
Eryngium leavenworthii Leavenworth's eryngo, Eryngo Annual Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist
Eryngium yuccifolium Button eryngo, Button snakeroot, Rattlesnake master, Beargrass, Bear's grass Perennial Herb Sun Moist
Erythrina herbacea Coralbean, Cherokee bean, Red cardinal Perennial Shrub Sun, Part-shade Dry
Eubotrys racemosa Fetter-bush, Leucothoe, Swamp doghobble, Sweet-bells Leucothe, Sweetbells Perennial Shrub Part-shade Wet
Eupatorium serotinum Lateflowering thoroughwort, White boneset, Late boneset, Late-flowering boneset Perennial Herb Part-shade Moist
Euphorbia cyathophora Wild Poinsettia, Poinsettia, Fire on the Mountain Annual Herb Sun Moist
Euphorbia marginata Snow on the mountain, Snow-on-the-mountain Annual Herb Part-shade Moist
Fraxinus americana White ash Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green ash, Red ash Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist, Dry
Gaillardia pulchella Firewheel, Indian Blanket Annual Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Gaillardia suavis Perfumeballs, Pincushion daisy, Fragrant gaillardia, Rayless gaillardia Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Gaura lindheimeri Lindheimer's beeblossom, White gaura, Butterfly gaura Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist
Geum canadense White avens Perennial Herb Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Glandularia bipinnatifida var. bipinnatifida Prairie verbena, Purple prairie verbena, Dakota mock vervain, Dakota vervain Annual, Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Glandularia canadensis Rose vervain, Sweet william, Rose mock vervain Perennial Herb Part-shade Moist
Gleditsia triacanthos Honey locust, Common Honey-locust, Honey-locust, Thornless common honey-locust, Honey shucks Perennial Tree Part-shade Moist
Guaiacum angustifolium Texas lignum-vitae, Guayacan, Soapbush Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Halesia diptera Two-wing silverbell, Silver bell, Two-winged silverbell, Snowdrop tree, American snowdrop tree Perennial Shrub, Tree Part-shade Dry
Hamamelis virginiana Witch hazel, American witch hazel Perennial Tree Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Havardia pallens Tenaza, Huajillo, Ape’s ear-ring Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Helenium amarum Yellow Sneezeweed, Bitterweed, Yellow bitterweed, Yellowdicks, Slender-leaved sneezeweed, Fine-leaved sneezweed, Yellow dog-fennel Annual Herb Part-shade Dry
Helianthus angustifolius Swamp sunflower Perennial Herb Part-shade Wet
Helianthus maximiliani Maximilian sunflower, Max sunflower Perennial Herb Sun Moist, Dry
Heliotropium curassavicum Salt heliotrope, Seaside heliotrope, Quail plant, Cola de mico Annual Herb Sun Dry
Heliotropium tenellum Pasture heliotrope, White heliotrope Annual Herb Sun Dry
Herbertia lahue Prairie nymph, Herbertia Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Heteropogon contortus Tanglehead Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Dry
Hibiscus coccineus Scarlet rose-mallow, Scarlet rosemallow, Texas star hibiscus, Wild red mallow Perennial Herb Sun Wet
Hibiscus laevis Halberdleaf rosemallow, Halberdleaf hibiscus, Scarlet rose mallow Perennial Shrub Sun, Part-shade Moist
Hydrangea quercifolia Oakleaf hydrangea, Oak-leaf hydrangea Perennial Shrub Shade Moist
Hydrolea ovata Blue Water Leaf, Hairy Hydrolea, Ovate false fiddleleaf Perennial Herb Part-shade Wet
Hymenocallis liriosme Spider Lily, Spring Spider Lily, Spring spiderlily Perennial Herb Part-shade Moist
Hymenopappus artemisiifolius Old plainsman, Oldplainsman, Woolly-white Biennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Ibervillea lindheimeri Lindheimer's globeberry, Balsam gourd, Globe berry, Snake apple Perennial Vine Sun Moist
Ilex decidua Possumhaw, Possumhaw Holly, Deciduous Holly, Winterberry, Deciduous yaupon Perennial Shrub Sun, Part-shade Moist
Ilex opaca American holly, Christmas holly Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Wet, Dry
Ilex verticillata Common winterberry, Michigan holly, Black alder Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist, Dry
Ilex vomitoria Yaupon, Yaupon holly, Cassina Perennial Shrub, Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Ipomoea imperati Beach morning glory, Beach morning-glory Perennial Vine
Ipomopsis rubra Standing cypress, Texas plume, Red Texas star, Red gilia Biennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Juglans nigra Black walnut, Eastern black walnut Perennial Tree Sun, Part-shade Moist
Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola Southern red-cedar, Southern redcedar Perennial Tree Part-shade Moist
Justicia americana American water-willow, Water-willow Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Justicia pilosella Gregg's tubetongue, Hairy Tube-tongue, False Honeysuckle Perennial Herb Part-shade Moist, Dry
Kosteletzkya virginica Virginia saltmarsh mallow, Virginia fen-rose, Seashore mallow, Salt Marsh-mallow Perennial Subshrub Sun Moist
Liatris elegans Blazing star, Gay feather, Pink-scale gayfeather, Pinkscale blazing star Perennial Herb Sun Dry
Liatris mucronata Cusp gayfeather, Gayfeather, Blazing star, Narrow-leaf gayfeather, Texas gayfeather, Cusp blazing star Perennial Herb Sun Dry
Liatris pycnostachya Prairie Blazing Star, Kansas Gayfeather, Cat-tail Gayfeather, Hairy Button-snakeroot Perennial Herb Sun Moist, Dry
Lindera benzoin Northern spicebush, Spicebush Perennial Shrub Sun, Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist, Dry
Lindheimera texana Texas yellowstar, Texas star, Lindheimer daisy, Texas yellow star Annual Herb Sun Dry
Linum berlandieri var. berlandieri Berlandier's yellow flax, Yellow Flax, Stiff-stem flax Annual Herb Sun Dry
Lippia alba Bushy lippia Perennial Shrub Part-shade Moist
Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum, American sweetgum Perennial Tree Part-shade Moist
Lithospermum incisum Narrowleaf stoneseed, Puccoon, Fringed puccoon, Narrowleaf gromwell, Fringed gromwell, Narrow-leaved puccoon Perennial Herb Sun Dry
Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal flower Perennial Herb Sun, Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Lonicera sempervirens Coral honeysuckle, Trumpet honeysuckle, Woodbine Perennial Vine Sun, Part-shade Moist
Lycium berlandieri Berlandier's wolfberry, Wolfberry Perennial Shrub Sun, Part-shade Dry
Lycium carolinianum Carolina wolfberry, Carolina desert-thorn, Creeping wolfberry, Christmas berry Perennial Shrub Sun, Part-shade Moist
Maclura pomifera Osage orange, Bois d’ arc, Bodark, Horse apple, Hedge apple Perennial Tree Sun Dry
Magnolia grandiflora Southern magnolia, Evergreen magnolia, Bull bay Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Malpighia glabra Acerola, Barbados Cherry, Manzanita, Wild crapemyrtle Perennial Shrub Part-shade Dry
Manfreda variegata Mottled tuberose, Huaco, Manfreda, Texas tuberose Perennial Cactus/Succulent Part-shade Dry
Marshallia caespitosa Barbara's-buttons, Puffballs, White Barbara’s-buttons Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Marsilea macropoda Bigfoot water clover, Water clover, Clover-fern Perennial Herb, Fern Sun, Shade, Part-shade Wet
Maurandella antirrhiniflora Snapdragon Vine, Roving sailor, Climbing snapdragon, Little snapdragon vine Perennial Vine Part-shade Dry
Mitchella repens Partridgeberry, Twinberry, Running box Perennial Herb Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Monarda citriodora Lemon beebalm, Horsemint, Purple horsemint, Lemon mint, Plains horsemint, Lemon horsemint Annual Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Morus rubra Red mulberry, Moral Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Nelumbo lutea American lotus, Yellow water lotus, Yellow lotus Perennial Herb Sun Wet
Nemophila phacelioides Baby blue-eyes, Flannel breeches, Large-flower baby-blue-eyes, Largeflower baby blue eyes, Texas baby blue eyes Annual Herb Part-shade Dry
Nuphar lutea Yellow pond-lily, Cow lily, Spatter dock, Yellow cow lily Perennial Herb Part-shade Wet
Nuphar lutea ssp. advena Common spatterdock, Yellow cow lily, Yellow pond lily, Spatterdock Perennial Herb Sun Wet
Nuttallanthus texanus Texas Toad-Flax, Texas toadflax, Toadflax Annual Herb Sun Moist
Nymphaea odorata American white waterlily, American white water-lily, Fragrant white water lily, White water lily, Fragrant water lily, White water lily Perennial Herb Sun, Shade, Part-shade Wet
Nymphoides aquatica Big floatingheart, Floating hearts Perennial Herb Part-shade Wet
Oenothera speciosa Pink evening primrose, Showy evening primrose, Mexican evening primrose, Showy primrose, Pink ladies, Buttercups, Pink buttercups Perennial Herb Sun Moist, Dry
Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive fern, Bead fern, Sympathy fern Perennial Herb, Fern Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Opuntia engelmannii var. engelmannii Cactus apple, Prickly pear Perennial Cactus/Succulent Sun Dry
Opuntia macrorhiza Common prickly-pear, Plains prickly pear, Prickly Pear, Twist-spine prickly-pear, Twistspine pricklypear Perennial Cactus/Succulent Sun Dry
Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon fern Perennial Herb, Fern Sun, Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Osmunda regalis Royal fern Perennial Herb, Fern Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Oxalis stricta Common yellow oxalis, Yellow Wood-sorrel Perennial Herb Sun Dry
Palafoxia callosa Small palafox, Small palafoxia Annual Herb Sun Dry
Palafoxia hookeriana Sand palafox, Hooker palafoxia, Sand palafoxia, Hooker's palafoxia Annual Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Palafoxia rosea Rosy palafox, Rose palafoxia Annual Herb Part-shade Dry
Palafoxia sphacelata Othake, Sand palafoxia Annual Herb Dry
Panicum virgatum Switchgrass, Wand panic grass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Pappophorum bicolor Pink pappasgrass, Pink pappusgrass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Moist
Parkinsonia aculeata Retama, Paloverde, Mexican Palo Verde, Jerusalem thorn, Lluvia de Oro Perennial Tree Sun Moist, Dry
Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper Perennial Vine Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist
Paspalum floridanum Florida paspalum Perennial Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Moist
Paspalum monostachyum Gulfdune paspalum Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Dry
Passiflora foetida Corona de Cristo, Scarlet-fruit passion flower, Fetid passionflower Annual Vine Sun, Part-shade Dry
Passiflora incarnata Purple passionflower, Purple passion vine, Maypop, Apricot vine Perennial Vine Sun, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Passiflora lutea Yellow passion vine, Yellow passion-flower, Yellow passionflower Perennial Herb Part-shade Moist
Peltandra virginica Green arrow arum, Tuckahoe, Arrow arum, Green arrow-arum Perennial Herb Part-shade Wet
Penstemon cobaea Wild foxglove, Prairie penstemon, Foxglove penstemon, False foxglove, Large-flowered beardtongue, Large-flowered penstemon, Prairie beardtongue, Cobaea penstemon Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Penstemon tenuis Brazos Penstemon, Gulf Coast Penstemon, Sharpsepal beardtongue Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist
Phacelia patuliflora Blue Phacelia, Sand phacelia, Sand Scorpion-weed Annual Herb Part-shade Dry
Phlox drummondii Annual phlox, Phlox, Drummond phlox Annual Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Phlox drummondii ssp. mcallisteri McAllister's phlox, Drummond phlox Annual Herb
Phlox glabriflora Rio Grande phlox Annual Herb
Phlox pilosa Downy phlox, Prairie phlox, Fragrant phlox Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Dry
Phlox pilosa ssp. pilosa Downy phlox, Fragrant phlox, Prairie Phlox Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Phlox roemeriana Goldeneye phlox, Golden-eye Phlox Annual Herb Part-shade Dry
Physostegia angustifolia False Dragon-head, Narrowleaf false dragonhead Perennial Herb
Physostegia intermedia Intermediate false dragonhead, Marsh obedient-plant, Obedient-plant, Slender false dragonhead, Spring obedient plant Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist
Physostegia virginiana ssp. praemorsa Fall obedient plant, False dragonhead, Lionheart, Obedient plant Perennial Herb Part-shade Moist
Pinus palustris Longleaf pine, Georgia pine Perennial Tree Sun Dry
Platanus occidentalis American sycamore, Buttonwood, Plane-tree, Sycamore Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist
Poa arachnifera Texas bluegrass, Texas blue grass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun, Part-shade Moist
Polygala alba White milkwort Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas fern Perennial Fern Shade, Part-shade Moist
Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed, Pickerel Weed Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Proboscidea louisianica Devil's claw, Ram's horn, Unicorn plant, Proboscis flower Annual Herb Sun Dry
Prunus angustifolia Chickasaw plum, Sandhill plum Perennial Tree Sun, Part-shade Dry
Prunus gracilis Oklahoma plum Perennial Shrub Sun, Part-shade Dry
Prunus mexicana Mexican plum, Bigtree plum Perennial Tree Sun, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Prunus rivularis Creek plum, Hog plum, River plum Perennial Shrub Part-shade Moist, Dry
Prunus serotina Black cherry, Rum cherry Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Ptelea trifoliata Wafer ash, Common hoptree, Hop tree Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist, Dry
Pteridium aquilinum var. pseudocaudatum Bracken fern, Bracken, Western bracken fern, Western bracken Perennial Herb, Fern Shade, Part-shade Dry
Quercus hemisphaerica Darlington oak, Laurel oak Perennial Tree Sun Dry
Quercus incana Bluejack oak, Sandjack oak, Upland willow oak, Cinnamon oak, Shin oak, Turkey oak Perennial Shrub, Tree Part-shade Dry
Quercus laurifolia Laurel oak, Swamp laurel oak, Darlington oak, diamond-leaf oak, laurel-leaf oak, water oak, obtuse oak Perennial Tree Part-shade
Quercus macrocarpa Bur oak, Burr oak, Savannah oak, Overcup oak, Prairie oak, Mossy-cup oak, Mossy-overcup oak, Blue oak Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist, Dry
Quercus marilandica Blackjack oak, Barren oak, Black oak, Jack oak Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Quercus michauxii Swamp chestnut oak, Basket oak, Cow oak Perennial Tree Part-shade Moist
Quercus nigra Water oak Perennial Tree Part-shade Wet
Quercus stellata Post oak Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Quercus virginiana Coastal live oak, Southern live oak, Live oak Perennial Tree Sun, Part-shade Moist
Ranunculus macranthus Large buttercup Perennial Herb Sun Moist
Ratibida columnifera Mexican hat, Prairie coneflower, Upright prairie coneflower, Red-spike mexican-hat, Long-headed coneflower, Thimbleflower Perennial Herb Sun Moist, Dry
Rhexia mariana Maryland meadowbeauty, Maryland meadow-beauty, Meadow beauty Perennial Herb Part-shade Moist
Rhus aromatica Fragrant sumac, Aromatic sumac, Lemon sumac, Polecat bush Perennial Shrub Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Rubus trivialis Dewberry, Southern dewberry Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Rudbeckia hirta Black-eyed Susan, Common black-eyed Susan, Brown-eyed Susan Annual Herb Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Ruellia humilis Fringeleaf wild petunia, Hairy ruellia, Low wild Petunia, Low ruellia Perennial Herb Part-shade Moist
Ruellia nudiflora Violet ruellia, Common wild petunia, Violet wild petunia, Wild petunia Perennial Herb Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Sabal minor Dwarf palmetto, Palmetto, Bush palmetto Perennial Shrub Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Sabatia campestris Texas star, Rose gentian, Meadow pink, Prairie rose-gentian, Prairie sabatia Annual Herb Part-shade Dry
Saccharum giganteum Sugarcane plumegrass, Giant plume grass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Wet, Moist
Sagittaria latifolia Broadleaf arrowhead, Arrowhead, Duckroot, Duck-potato, Wapato Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Wet
Sagittaria platyphylla Delta arrowhead Perennial Herb Part-shade Wet
Salvia azurea Pitcher sage, Big blue sage, Azure sage, Giant blue sage, Blue sage Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Salvia coccinea Scarlet Sage, Tropical Sage, Blood sage Annual, Perennial Herb Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Salvia lyrata Lyreleaf sage, Cancer weed Perennial Herb Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Sassafras albidum Sassafras Perennial Tree Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist
Saururus cernuus Lizard's tail, Lizard's-tail, Breast weed Perennial Herb Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Schizachyrium scoparium Little bluestem Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun, Part-shade Dry
Setaria parviflora Marsh bristlegrass, Knotroot bristlegrass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Moist
Setaria vulpiseta Plains bristlegrass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Dry
Sideroxylon celastrinum Coma Saffron plum, La Coma, Saffron plum Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Silphium gracile Slender rosinweed Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Sisyrinchium langloisii Roadside blue-eyed grass, Dotted blue-eyed grass, Southern blue-eyed grass Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Sisyrinchium sagittiferum Blue-eyed grass, Spearbract blue-eyed grass Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Smilax laurifolia Laurel greenbriar, Laurel greenbrier Perennial Vine Part-shade Wet
Solanum elaeagnifolium Silverleaf nightshade, Silver-leaf nightshade, White horse nettle, Trompillo, Tomato weed Perennial Herb Sun Dry
Solidago altissima Tall Goldenrod, Late goldenrod, Canadian goldenrod, Canada goldenrod Perennial Herb Shade, Part-shade Moist
Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod, Canadian goldenrod, Tall goldenrod, Giant goldenrod Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Sophora tomentosa Yellow necklacepod, Yellow sophora, Necklace pod, Tambalisa Perennial Shrub Part-shade Dry
Sorghastrum nutans Indiangrass, Yellow indian grass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Spartina spartinae Gulf cordgrass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Wet
Spigelia marilandica Woodland pinkroot, Pinkroot, Indian pink, Spigelia Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Sporobolus compositus var. compositus Composite dropseed, Tall dropseed Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Moist
Sporobolus cryptandrus Sand dropseed Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun, Part-shade Dry
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Coralberry, Indian currant, Buckbrush Perennial Shrub Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Symphyotrichum subulatum Baby's breath aster, Annual Aster, Eastern annual saltmarsh aster, Blackland aster, Hierba del Marrano Annual Herb Shade, Part-shade Moist
Taxodium distichum Bald cypress, Baldcypress, Common bald cypress, Southern bald cypress, Deciduous cypress Perennial Tree Sun, Part-shade Moist
Tephrosia lindheimeri Lindheimer's hoarypea, Hoary Pea, Lindheimer tephrosia Perennial Subshrub Part-shade Dry
Tetraneuris scaposa Four-nerve daisy, Hymenoxys, Stemmy four-nerve daisy, Yellow daisy, Bitterweed Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Thalia dealbata Powdery alligator-flag, Powdery thalia, Water canna Perennial Herb Part-shade Wet
Thalictrum dasycarpum Purple meadow-rue, Meadow rue, Tall meadow-rue Perennial Herb Part-shade Wet, Moist
Thelypteris kunthii Wood fern, River fern, Southern shield fern, Kunth's maiden fern Perennial Fern Shade, Part-shade Moist
Tradescantia gigantea Giant spiderwort Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist
Tradescantia ohiensis Bluejacket, Ohio spiderwort Perennial Herb Part-shade Dry
Trichloris pluriflora Multi-flowered false-rhodesgrass, Multiflower false Rhodes grass, Showy chloris Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun Moist
Tridens albescens White tridens, White Top Perennial Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Moist
Tridens flavus Purpletop tridens, Redtop tridens, Tall redtop tridens, Purpletop, Redtop, Tall redtop Perennial Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Dry
Triodanis perfoliata Clasping Venus' looking-glass Annual Herb Shade Dry
Triplasis purpurea Purple sandgrass, Purple triplasis Annual Grass/Grass-like Sun Dry
Tripsacum dactyloides Eastern gamagrass Perennial Grass/Grass-like Part-shade Moist
Typha latifolia Broadleaf cattail, Common cat-tail, Broad-leaf cat-tail Perennial Grass/Grass-like Sun, Part-shade Wet
Ulmus alata Winged elm, Wahoo Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Ulmus americana American elm, White elm Perennial Tree Sun, Part-shade Moist
Ulmus crassifolia Cedar elm, Fall elm, Olmo Perennial Tree Part-shade Moist
Utricularia radiata Floating bladderwort, Little floating bladderwort Annual Herb Wet
Vaccinium arboreum Farkleberry, Tree sparkleberry, Sparkleberry Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Verbena halei Slender verbena, Texas verbena, Texas vervain Perennial Shrub Sun Dry
Verbesina virginica Frostweed, White crownbeard, Iceplant, Iceweed, Virginia crownbeard, Indian tobacco, Richweed, Squawweed Biennial Herb Shade, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Vernonia lindheimeri Woolly ironweed Perennial Herb Sun Dry
Viburnum rufidulum Rusty blackhaw viburnum, Rusty blackhaw, Southern blackhaw, Downy viburnum Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry
Viola walteri Walter’s violet, Prostrate blue violet Perennial Herb Shade, Part-shade Moist
Vitis cinerea var. helleri Winter grape, Heller's grape, Gray-leaf grape, Smooth-leaf grape, Sweet grape, Spanish grape Perennial Vine Part-shade Moist
Vitis mustangensis Mustang grape Perennial Vine Part-shade Dry
Wedelia texana Zexmenia, Orange zexmenia, Wedelia, Hairy wedelia, Texas creeping-oxeye Perennial Herb Sun, Part-shade Moist, Dry
Wisteria frutescens American wisteria, Texas wisteria, Kentucky wisteria Perennial Vine Sun, Shade, Part-shade Moist
Woodwardia areolata Netted chainfern, Chain fern, Netted chain fern Perennial Herb, Fern Shade, Part-shade Wet, Moist
Woodwardia virginica Virginia chainfern, Virginia chain fern Perennial Herb, Fern Part-shade Wet, Moist
Xanthisma texanum ssp. drummondii Drummond's sleepydaisy, Sleepy-Daisy Annual Herb Part-shade Dry
Xylosma flexuosa Brush holly, Brushholly Perennial Shrub Part-shade Moist
Zanthoxylum clava-herculis Hercules' club Perennial Tree Sun Dry
Zanthoxylum fagara Lime prickly ash, Colima Perennial Tree Part-shade Dry